42. The Principles of Oriental Medicine ： Yin and Yang. 1

In the Huangdi Neijing, there is a saying: “To treat disease, seek the root, and the root lies in Yin and Yang (治病求本, 本於陰陽).” This means that when treating a disease, one must find its root cause, and that root is found in the balance of Yin and Yang. Treatment is not about suppressing or eliminating symptoms, but about identifying the root cause based on one’s essence, energy, and spirit—specifically dietary habits, lifestyle, and mental attitude—and then devising a method of resolution. Taking painkillers for symptoms such as menstrual cramps, colds, headaches, lower back pain, or various joint pains should be limited to unavoidable circumstances, and we must understand that such drugs are merely temporary symptomatic measures.

Pain is perceived when signals are transmitted to the brain via the nerves. Drugs that block or weaken this process are collectively referred to as analgesics (Painkillers). For example, Tylenol inhibits the enzyme prostaglandin synthase, thereby reducing the production of prostaglandins, which in turn lessens the sensation of pain. Thus, analgesics do not remove the root cause of the pain. Long-term use can numb the body’s warning system, potentially causing greater harm. Over time, one’s pain threshold may decrease, making even minor pain feel severe. Moreover, habitual use is well-known to lead to numerous side effects such as gastrointestinal bleeding, kidney failure, liver damage, myocardial infarction, and high blood pressure. At first, painkillers may seem effective, but as their use increases, the side effects become more serious.

Reports show that only about 25% of wounded soldiers evacuated from fierce battles request painkillers, whereas more than 80% of surgery patients in general hospitals do. This is because wounded soldiers find relief in knowing they will not be returning to combat soon, which psychologically eases their pain. That’s why I always say: unless the pain is unbearable, instead of taking painkillers, try deep breathing, warm water, or a small meal followed by rest. In most non-extreme cases, doing just this allows the body to begin its own healing process.

In Korean medicine, Yin and Yang are considered the fundamental principles that keep the human body, seen as a microcosm of the universe, healthy and in balance. It has long been said that if one truly understands Yin and Yang, they can practice medicine. Properly grasping and regulating Yin and Yang is regarded as the most essential and effective way to treat the root causes of all diseases.

Dr. Jin-man Kim, director of Peace Oriental Clinic